The glass is always half full for me. And they should have the right to choose to leave that person freely. A preview of the AUSTRALIAN IDENTITY: GENDER film program, which screened for free during WINTER 2016 at the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia, in Canberra. Maureen Inkster asked: A 14 year-old boy demonstrated exemplary behaviour last Friday in Sydney when he saw a man allegedly punching a woman in the face. The AFLW is fantastic. Simultaneously, many of us feel as though Australian culture is being somewhat diluted as multiculturalism is pushed. And that’s why it’s so important to me that we’re having this talk tonight about who we are, all of us, as Australians. Where is the power vested? Here, an identity can be cultivated and maintained through participating in cultural events and developing a connection to family, community and traditional lands [ 16 ]. There’s amazing people in there. Identity definition, the state or fact of remaining the same one or ones, as under varying aspects or conditions: The identity of the fingerprints on the gun with those on file provided evidence that he was the killer. You know, at high school, it’s a bit of a different ball game, but if I try and talk about women’s issues with men in particular circles, men my age, they...they tend to still think that feminism is a very dirty word and it’s not something for them to care about either. Are you comfortable with Bettina Arndt retaining this award? Oh, my god! No real attempt to define the term legally was made until the 1980s, despite use of the term twice in the 1901 Constitution of Australia (before these were removed in 1967). So, comedy is doing well in Australia, so PC culture hasn’t stifled comedy. Welcome to Q+A. [1], The category "Aboriginal Australian" was coined by the British in the 1830s; previously, the peoples Indigenous to the continent were known as Australians. One aspect of Australian Identity that is continually misrepresented to the rest of the world is the stereotypical image of the tanned, athletic, easy going, slow talking Australian. Debate over the issue was also included in three Federal Court judgements, with varying interpretations. We have to. So, as an Aboriginal person growing up, and...like, for me at school, Australian history was just from 1770 forward – there was nothing about that. Aboriginal Australians are one of two Indigenous Australian groups of peoples, the other being Torres Strait Islanders. We’re looking at the culture in schools and whether Aussie kids are getting the education they need. Not just in the theoretical sense, but in a pragmatic sense. The change to Section 51(xxvi) following the 1967 Referendum enabled the Commonwealth parliament to enact laws specifically with respect to Aboriginal peoples as a "race". And people want to ask those questions and pass those judgements on me or other victims when our options are leave and be faced with those situations, and all I can do is wave a piece of paper – that’s an IVO – in the air that’s supposed to protect me. And that’s how this country has been built. And it was a beautiful photo of Malcolm Turnbull. I agree with everything that Nova said. There is a depth to our self image in 21st Century Australia. Regional versions relating to a specific Aboriginal sub-culture or sub-ethnic group include a large number of groupings, based on language, culture, traditional lands, demonym or other features, but there is also a broader "pan-Aboriginal self-identification". It’s an overreaction, in my opinion, but people panicking about the coronavirus. They’re our totems. The rebirth of the Australian arts and cultural identity in the 1970s, paving the way for the international success of our artists and actors today. The culture we brought with us. That’s not an appropriate answer for us, and there’s... That’s not an appropriate protection for people who are trying to just be free. Well, you know what, I think that the most fundamental shaping of my identity happened in high school. Australia is the 6th largest country in the world, yet its population is comparatively small at only roughly 24 million people. [4], The Constitution of Australia, in its original form as of 1901, referred to Aboriginal people twice, but without definition. These identities can be seen as defining us as people and may be cultural, ethnic, religious, gendered, class-oriented or ideological. Yes. If you want to change behaviour, everyone needs to gel together and pull together as a community. And, you know, I’ve been thinking a lot about International Women’s Day, which is coming up, and my memories of International Women’s Day as a teenager were actually my male peers complaining about not having an International Men’s Day, or there was a big surge in jokes about us needing to be in the kitchen, and trying to shut down discussions around that sort of stuff. You’re going to have to go to jail.’” You know, this is Australia. So, I know how much this country can gel together. You know, making jokes, “Oh, that’s just how boys talk,” when they get called out. The definition of obtaining in section 130.1 does not apply to this section. The film, The Castle is a well known 'classic' Australian film - made by Australians, for Australians.The film is filled with mullets, freckles, fringe and ill-fashioned characters, presenting real-life, working-class Australian families. I think one of the things about Australia that has sometimes helped us is that attitude of “She’ll be right.” Sometimes we’ve actually been able to make things good again. I had death threats. He told some of his mates he was going to kill Adriana. And then, because I started to speak out about certain things, if not every day, every second day, I would just be attacked by racist trolls, mail that was sent, phone calls. He’s a police officer, and he joined the police force to, one, build better relationships between the Aboriginal community and the cops, but to really act as a protector for women and children in particular. "[28] Academic Gordon Briscoe has also proposed that, among many other factors,[29] Indigenous health has historically shaped this identity, particularly in relation to British settlement of Australia. Increased consistency in the way the Australian Government collects and records sex and gender information will strengthen Australia's identity security system, the integrity of agency records and the accuracy of individual personal records. These are the names of women, like you know, that we know as a community after their death. [6], After these references were removed by the 1967 referendum, the Australian Constitution had no references to Aboriginal people. the Migration Act 1958 and/or the Australian Citizenship Act 2007. Clearly, identity and image are context dependent, with image subject to change as societal expectations change (Roper, 2012). Section 51(xxvi) gave the Commonwealth parliament a power to legislate with respect to "the people of any race" throughout the Commonwealth, except for people of "the aboriginal race". I see the faces of other mothers who I’ve met with, who have lost a loved one to violence – to men’s violence in particular. The following clips have teachers’ notes related to this topic: The task of deciding who is Aboriginal is increasingly that of state-based organisations, such as universities and government departments. Here are the questions our panel faced this week. The purpose of this provision was to give the Commonwealth power to regulate non-white immigrant workers, who would follow work opportunities interstate. My 20-year-old daughter, Adriana Donato, was murdered by her ex-boyfriend, James Stoneham, in August 2012. The term “Australian” was then adopted by settler colonials to describe themselves, while “Aboriginal” was used to plant a single identity on a very diverse population of many peoples covering a huge geographical area, as well as mixed-race people in this community and their later descendants. We’re the mothers of these children that potentially become monsters and perpetrators of domestic and family violence, but they’re all behaviours that are learnt. And that’s to look at the dynamics of power and control and what diversity actually means. Richard White (1981) Inventing Australia Each one of us could describe ourselves with a multitude of different identities. I refuse to acknowledge being a Pom both then and now. I hear you and I believe you and I am so sorry. If you are an Aboriginal person and you challenge the status quo, you are going to be attacked. Why didn’t you just leave?” Or, “Why didn’t you just, if it’s that bad, leave earlier?” And when the option is to stay... And at that point, I had been assaulted the day before. Since legislation for Indigenous people was a state matter, each state found its own definition for 'Aboriginal'. Yeah. The controversy led to fair-skinned Aboriginal people across the country being questioned about their Aboriginality. At most there was – and is – an expectation that Australian culture and identity will naturally change over time with the changing composition of the population. Our cultural identity is also being interpreted beyond the beach or sport. I started Year 7 in 2008, when Kevin Rudd made the ‘Sorry’ speech. Various administrative and legal definitions were proposed and some remain in use today. Or an ex-NRL player. "[51], The numbers of Indigenous-identifying people have grown since 1986 at a rate far exceeding that of the whole population and what would be expected from natural increase. Is that your argument? Director of the St James Ethics Centre. And Aussie Rules football, three. It is the sense of "a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language." But my children needed me the most. I think that her contribution to gender equity, advocating for men, is questionable. Well, it didn’t go well. And you come down interstate, and then the racism started. And, yeah, men are trying to manipulate women, like Hannah Clarke as well, and many other women who have been murdered. So, thank you very much. You found your way from sporting hero into our national parliament. The Australian mainstream has generally adopted Anglo/Celtic-Western customs. “Fair play”, “punching above our weight”, “having a … You can discuss their answers on the Q&A Facebook Page. It contains news and opinion from Australia and around the world. )[13] A definition was proposed by the Department of Aboriginal Affairs in the Report on a Review of the Administration of the Working Definition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (Canberra, 1981): "An Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander is a person of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent who identifies as an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander and is accepted as such by the community in which he (she) lives". Yaama. It is generally used when both … My daughter had a whole life to live. And it’s a very... And comedians are a very diverse bunch these days. Marlee, I know your dad, who was a footy player as well, he grew up in a house where there was some domestic violence. However, this description is becoming less relevant for depicting modern society’s social make-up as many Australian households have a multicultural identity. Join us then. I can only think of three things that are uniquely Australian. Stephanie Isbester asked: Did the Australian education system have an effect on your identity? Nobody told her. I mean, our greatest sporting star over the last 12 months, well, pick between Sam Kerr and Ash Barty, but it’s one of those two. You know, what I’m hearing is, you know, we’ve got terrorism in our lounge rooms, and, you know, from the time that I was in parliament, from 2013, we had many inquiries into, you know, funding...the defunding of domestic and family violence. It is probable that there are in the wider Tasmanian community persons who have a degree of Aboriginal descent although there are no public records which support their claim. The are currently 200-plus Netflix...stand-up comedy specials on Netflix. [35], On 11 February 2020 the High Court of Australia, in a judgement affecting two court cases (Love v Commonwealth of Australia; Thoms v Commonwealth of Australia: [2020] HCA 3), first used the tripartite test used by Justice Brennan in Mabo v Queensland (No 2) (1992) to determine Aboriginality of the two plaintiffs. And for someone like Bettina Arndt to be awarded and condone those sorts of comments that fuel a culture of victim-blaming, let’s unpack that. And for me, that notion of being Australian means acknowledging Aboriginal Australians, which Lehmo said. That... As soon as the stuff was happening, in...over New Year’s, I was overseas and I was watching things just kind of blow up on my social media. Ahead on this program tonight – we know there are some great things about being Australian, but there are some hard truths as well. And little girls everywhere now have got posters on their walls of female sports stars that they may not have had years ago. And I think one of the things that we have to look at in terms of what multiculturalism means in the Australian context is, who has decision-making power? It’s also the silver lining that’s come out of it is to see how... Maybe that is one of those key Australian things that can really bind us together. Are white Australians at the top? This was published 5 years ago. Modern society is asserting a confident and unique identity through its diversity, language (s), architecture, ‘Australianised’ cuisine, bush identity and sporting prowess. Ceremonies can play a large role in passing down Dreaming lore, customs connection to country, and laws of the group. How many times have you heard those lines? And, of course, Bettina Arndt was made a Member of the Order of Australia for her service to the community as a social commentator and to gender equity – she’s always advocated strongly for men – and her latest tweet praised a Queensland police officer for keeping an open mind that Hannah Clarke’s killer may have been driven too far. Pascoe was also supported by members of these groups as well as prominent Aboriginal identities. If you were a "full-blooded Aboriginal native ... [or] any person apparently having an admixture of Aboriginal blood", a half-caste being the "offspring of an Aboriginal mother and other than Aboriginal father" (but not of an Aboriginal father and other than Aboriginal mother), a "quadroon", or had a "strain" of Aboriginal blood you were forced to live on Reserves or Missions, work for rations, given minimal education, and needed governmental approval to marry, visit relatives or use electrical appliances. And if you look to New Zealand, the Maori culture is at the heart of the Kiwi identity, and wouldn’t it be nice if Indigenous culture was at the heart of the Australian identity? Why do we insist on promoting multiculturalism when it so clearly hinders us from a unified national identity and culture? [4] It has been found difficult to apply, both in each of its parts and as to the relations among the parts; biological "descent" has been a fall-back criterion.[16]. And even then, we saw in the news reporting that the man, whose name I will not mention, that took her life, was a good man who fell from grace. Our next question tonight comes from Alexander Drysdale. And remember, you can stream us on iview and on YouTube. And we’ve got some great programs out there. [14][52][53] This rise has been attributed to various factors, including increased preparedness to identify as Indigenous and by the propensity for children of mixed partnerships to identify as Indigenous. All too often the important subject of identity is decided by subjective assumptions and outdated stereotypes. Right. And people said, “Oh, you can’t hold a beer and nurse your daughter at the same time.” Well, he was, and it was fine. Ella Alexander asked: Australia is currently experiencing rapid demographic change as a result of mass immigration. It’s interesting that both of you point out sort of male-dominated sport as something that’s a binding national identity, isn’t it? Marlee, can I bring you in here, though? I think that we also need to have a conversation about what we mean by multiculturalism. Our identity as Australian depends on the implementation of social and land justice for Indigenous people. I would like to begin by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land, the people of the Kulin Nation, and pay my respects to their elders past and present. When you talk about this country, people wanted to know more about Aboriginal people. It’s...it’s horrific. I’ve got an Aboriginal friend.” You know, that old chestnut. Early definitions36.11 The legal historian, John McCorquodale, has reported that since the time of white settlement, governments have used no less than 67 classifications, descriptions or definitions to determine who is an Aboriginal person. Our country is where we came from. [21] While originally related to skin colour and often used pejoratively,[22] the term is used today to indicate Aboriginal heritage or culture in general and refers to any people of such heritage regardless of their level of skin pigmentation. CEFA looks forward to sharing with you the ongoing debates and the constitutional discussions that will most certainly occur over the coming months. And I think it’s very unique to our country. I think that in general conversations, in this case with this young boy, it might just be a one-off in some instances. What does it look like?” It looks like all of us. And even the way we sometimes talk about it, that a monster killed his family, I’m very conscious of the word ‘monster’ and it being used in this circumstance. I mean, but, I guess, if someone says, “I’m offended by it,” then no-one else should be able to judge, except for that person – “I’m offended by it.” So I guess if we’re talking about, you know, whether it’s racism or whatever it may be, if I say, you know, you were racist, and I’m offended by it, quite often, 99% of the time, it’d be a white person to say, “But I was only joking. And I think also not just about making sure that everyone has equality, but equity as well. That’s a very brave move from the young fella. So, Sam Kerr will be an inspiration for little girls everywhere, as will Ash Barty, as will Tayla Harris, and all these young female sports stars. As in the British slave colonies of North America and the Caribbean, where the principle of partus sequitur ventrem was adopted from 1662, children's status was determined by that of their mothers: if born to Aboriginal mothers, children were considered Aboriginal, regardless of their paternity. I... Look, I don’t know that I would recommend 14-year-olds inject themselves into those situations, though, to be honest. I... Just thinking about that, like, I was in high school not that long ago. I look at this as an opportunity for us as a nation to say, who are we and what do we stand for? National identity may refer to the subjective feeling one shares with a group of people about a nation, regardless of one's legal citizenship status. Many intangible aspects of culture are transmitted through families and kinship systems. And if there is something that crisis has taught us, is that part of what we can do in Australia is band together. I actually think it’s a branding issue, ‘cause we were still called The Footy Show. You know, my mum said as much after my sister’s murder, was that after Nikita’s birth in 1991, Melbourne became home. This is something that we all should be celebrating. So let’s just remind ourselves that we do care about other people. But for my parents who migrated here in the late 1980s, India was their country and Australia is their home. TAC complained that now more than a third of the 30 candidates standing in the election were "white", and called for a boycott. And he posted a picture on Facebook. I think that... It’s really complex, because I don’t think you’re going to please everyone ever. You know, racism is about inferior races – you know, whites up here, blacks down there. Much more so than when I first started doing stand-up 25 years ago. So, The Footy Show went for 25 years and six episodes. Aboriginal Australian identity, sometimes known as Aboriginality, is the perception of oneself as Aboriginal Australian, or the recognition by others of that identity. I think there’s fragments of identity of what it means to be an Australian that have been derived from the Anzac spirit, you know? Scotland is my country and Australia is my home. And then I got to school the next day, and the conversation was completely different – that he was not really a man. And so, for having someone like Bettina Arndt be awarded, you know, and recognised, given her contributions, I think it’s appalling. If issued in the form of a small, mostly standard-sized card, it is usually called an identity … Aboriginal Culture | Learn About Aboriginal Culture & Identity Yeah, yeah! If you were to define your Aboriginality you could answer these three questions as follows :. This is in line with the Australian Government's approach to identity security. Sustaining a strong cultural identity is a key component of Social and Emotional Wellbeing, an Indigenous Australian framework of health . You’ve been unbelievably courageous and brave and determined in wanting to talk tonight. Usually preference of the person(s) in question is used, if known. Simultaneously, many of us feel as though Australian culture is being diluted as multiculturalism is pushed. I guess, like, even just leading into this, the trolls that were attacking me even before I’ve opened my mouth on Q+A. Why do you think it’s so important for Australia to hear a moment like that? Causing some backlash in the Aboriginal community, the Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre (reconstructionists of the Palawa kani language) protested that the Premier of Tasmania's proposals would mean that residents need only "'tick a box' if they wanted to claim Aboriginality" and that "the community would be 'swamped with white people'". Grace...there’s so few words,  I think, that can give any comfort to a mother who has lost their child, and I want to thank you and applaud you on national television...  (APPLAUDS) ...for the strength, the courage and the dignity and grace  with which not only you’ve asked your question this evening, but with which you face every day. And rather than demonising men, I look at it as an opportunity. He hopped off the school bus and confronted the man in question. And, you know, it’s just about respecting our differences and treating people equally. Yeah, I’ll...I’ll answer this in two parts. Indigenous culture, two. Well, this is a safe space for you tonight, Lehmo. National identity is a person's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation. You know, my mum, who grew up on a mission, she wasn’t allowed to speak. So, we need to put practical things into place to ensure we never go back there. I feel like it’s smart as well to assess any risk to yourself in those situations. And if they need help, then we have to find a way to help them. Fiona Goodie asked: Is political correctness stifling Aussie humour and fun? I guess I sort of feel... you know, just, especially with the...the fire, you know, it’s gone on in this country, and that so many people are talking about, “Well, Aboriginal people have, you know, maintained this country for 50,000 years. And, Geraldine and Grace and Tarang, I am just so sorry for what your families have suffered through. We’ve had the Perth Fringe, the Adelaide Fringe, the Brisbane Comedy Festival, the Sydney Comedy Festival. And, you know, I’m glad that that police officer was stood down, and I’m glad the Governor-General is, you know, referring, you know, all the outrage where people are saying, “This woman has received an Order of Australia. [22], Evidence from biographies has shown that, unlike white people, Aboriginal people do not define themselves in terms of race, but rather culture; Aboriginal historian Victoria Grieves says that the recency of one's Aboriginal ancestors does not determine one's identification as Aboriginal. It’s so brutal. Download The Australian Identity: Who Are We? And people say, “Oh, you know, Australia’s a great country.” If you’re not an Aboriginal person, it’s great. Students have discussed and explored the definition of a value, posing questions such as: What do you value? You must have heard those arguments before. Identity fraud (also known as identity theft or crime) involves someone using another individual’s personal information without consent, often to obtain a benefit.For example, identity fraud can result in someone using another individual’s identity to open a bank account, get a credit card, apply for a passport or conduct illegal activity. Throughout your lifetime, your cultural identity might have varying levels of importance to you. That’s... Yeah. We’ll be discussing our sense of humour, racism, domestic violence and why we’re still struggling to find a path towards reconciliation. We are home to the world’s oldest continuous cultures, as well as Australians who identify with more than 270 ancestries. Examples: Western Australia: a person with more than a quarter of Aboriginal blood. Happy to be corrected online, I’m sure people will. An authoritative guide to contemporary Australian English, produced by the Australian National Dictionary Centre at the Australian National University and Oxford University Press. And you think about things that are uniquely Australian. Tarang, how do you and your family feel about this person holding that honour and saying things like this? We have our totems. It is what it is, and you’ve got to start calling the shots like that. This chapter examines Australia’s participation in military intervention in the ‘war on terror’ and the role of the politics of identity. [17], The Commonwealth Definition continued to be used administratively and legislatively, notably in the Mabo case, which in 1992 recognised native title in Australia for the first time. There was to be no Sam Newman running around in blackface, none of the sort of types of jokes that were on there before. I mean, a monster murdered his wife and his children. Learn by example and become a better writer with Kibin’s suite of essay help services. [23] In the 1970s, many Aboriginal activists, such as Gary Foley, proudly embraced the term "black", and writer Kevin Gilbert's book from the time was entitled Living Black. Taxes, we need a fundamental shift in what it is generally when... A fundamental shift in what it means to be here but that’s just me Test match, standing with Richie. 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